Name: Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries
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Type: Group Layer
Geometry Type: null
Description: The map of the "Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1 : 5 000 000 (Version 2.0)" is published by the Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), in partnership with the Joint Research Center (JRC, Ispra). The soil regions map is intended to support the current national mapping activities towards a European 1:250,000 datbase by stratifying similar regional soil associations into a hierarchical concept. Only by stratification, the complexity of soils can be systematically structured so that the complex 1:250.000 legend can be handled in cross-national and contintental-level applications. Soil regions are natural, cross-regional soil geographical units which perform the highest spatial and content-based aggregation of European soils. They represent the frame conditions for soil development at the landscape level. The soil regions are presented at scale 1:5,000,000. Thus, its borders are highly generalized. Because of its low resolution, the map units absorb atypical soils and associations of soils, which are only described in higher resolution soil maps. The delineation of the soil regions is expected to be refined (and probably improved by its content) during the actual 1:250,000 mapping process. Thus, updating can be expected in the future. Currently, the soil regions map is the only graphical soil representation in Europe which has been developed using fully comparable and harmonized basic data at the continental level (climate, hydrography, relief, geology, vegetation): the interpretation of this input data, and the utilization of expert knowledge (including the interpretation of regional soil maps) has been done using one common methodology, developed and applied consistently throughout the whole mapping area by an experienced international soil mapper (Dr. Reinhard Hartwich, former member of BGR, and co-author of the 1998 Manual of Procedures). The methodology is extensively described in the Explanatory Notes (German), and in the revised Manual of Procedures which is expected to be completed soon.
Description: The map of the "Soil Regions of the European Union and Adjacent Countries 1 : 5 000 000 (Version 2.0)" is published by the Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), in partnership with the Joint Research Center (JRC, Ispra). The soil regions map is intended to support the current national mapping activities towards a European 1:250,000 datbase by stratifying similar regional soil associations into a hierarchical concept. Only by stratification, the complexity of soils can be systematically structured so that the complex 1:250.000 legend can be handled in cross-national and contintental-level applications. Soil regions are natural, cross-regional soil geographical units which perform the highest spatial and content-based aggregation of European soils. They represent the frame conditions for soil development at the landscape level. The soil regions are presented at scale 1:5,000,000. Thus, its borders are highly generalized. Because of its low resolution, the map units absorb atypical soils and associations of soils, which are only described in higher resolution soil maps. The delineation of the soil regions is expected to be refined (and probably improved by its content) during the actual 1:250,000 mapping process. Thus, updating can be expected in the future. Currently, the soil regions map is the only graphical soil representation in Europe which has been developed using fully comparable and harmonized basic data at the continental level (climate, hydrography, relief, geology, vegetation): the interpretation of this input data, and the utilization of expert knowledge (including the interpretation of regional soil maps) has been done using one common methodology, developed and applied consistently throughout the whole mapping area by an experienced international soil mapper (Dr. Reinhard Hartwich, former member of BGR, and co-author of the 1998 Manual of Procedures). The methodology is extensively described in the Explanatory Notes (German), and in the revised Manual of Procedures which is expected to be completed soon.
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[0, 0, 0, 255] Background Color: N/A Outline Color: N/A Vertical Alignment: bottom Horizontal Alignment: center Right to Left: false Angle: 0 XOffset: 0 YOffset: 0 Size: 6 Font Family: Arial Font Style: normal Font Weight: normal Font Decoration: none
Description: The geological conditions have a large effect on the nature of a soil region. They influence relief and altitude of an area and determine the mineral and chemical composition and also the structure of the soils. Parent material affects the texture and the fertility of the soils as well as the supply of nutrients and has consequences on the land use, too. The map shows 18 rock complexes which are evaluated in respect of their effect on soil formation. Here it must be pointed out that soils are not formed on the rock itself but on weathering products mostly consisting of several layers and with numerous external components incorporated by redeposition.
Description: The geological conditions have a large effect on the nature of a soil region. They influence relief and altitude of an area and determine the mineral and chemical composition and also the structure of the soils. Parent material affects the texture and the fertility of the soils as well as the supply of nutrients and has consequences on the land use, too. The map shows 18 rock complexes which are evaluated in respect of their effect on soil formation. Here it must be pointed out that soils are not formed on the rock itself but on weathering products mostly consisting of several layers and with numerous external components incorporated by redeposition.
Value: Paleozoic, partly Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary rocks (undifferentiated), often with igneous and metamorphic rocks Label: 15 Paleozoic, partly Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary rocks (undifferentiated), often with igneous and metamorphic rocks Description: N/A Symbol:
Description: Many soil parameters and soil qualities are influenced by climate, as e.g. the rate of groundwater regeneration or the water logging of many European soils in springtime. The map of climatic areas shows (i) the climate zones from North to South and (ii) the climate types with oceanic to continental influence. All in all 35 climatic areas are delineated. They differ regarding mean annual temperatures, mean annual precipitation and the length of the growing period.
Description: Many soil parameters and soil qualities are influenced by climate, as e.g. the rate of groundwater regeneration or the water logging of many European soils in springtime. The map of climatic areas shows (i) the climate zones from North to South and (ii) the climate types with oceanic to continental influence. All in all 35 climatic areas are delineated. They differ regarding mean annual temperatures, mean annual precipitation and the length of the growing period.